Compare roles in health

Not sure where to start with the hundreds of NHS careers? Use our compare roles section to get bite-size information on the entry requirements and training, pay and conditions, prospects and skills needed of up to three roles. If there is something that you think you could do, then get more in-depth information on the role.

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  1. Engineer

    Engineers in the NHS maintain and repair a range of equipment and facilities from ambulances to dialysis machines to air conditioning units. All are vital to a high-quality NHS. 

    To train as an engineer in the NHS, you need at least 3 GCSEs including English maths and science. Employers may ask for an engineering qualification and some engineering experience. This could be from an engineering apprenticeship, for example. Engineers can also join the NHS with an accredited engineering qualification, usually a degree or HND in a particular branch of engineering (electrical, mechanical or building services, for example). Employers usually ask for a qualification accredited by the Engineering Council. Engineers joining the NHS will be given the training they need to start the job, covering procedures and systems, including IT systems, as well as health and safety. Qualified engineers can become members of the professional institution for their branch of engineering - and can apply for incorporated or chartered status.
    Engineers in the NHS are usually paid on the Agenda for Change (AfC) pay system. Your precise pay depends on the level of your role, education, experience and level of responsibility. If you work in estates support, you could start in a post on AfC band 2. In estates maintenance, you could be on band 3 or 4. With further training and experience, you could apply for more senior positions at bands 5 and above. Engineers in the NHS work standard hours of around 37.5 a week. They are likely to work shifts including nights and weekends. They may be part of an on-call rota for emergency cover. Terms and conditions will be different for engineers working outside of the NHS.
    To be an engineer in the NHS, you need Engineers need to be interested in knowing how things work, interested in continuing to learn, willing to work at heights or in confined spaces, physically fit for lifting, standing, etc, able to work responsibly without supervision, very health and safety conscious and willing to work in all areas of a hospital or health centre. You also need problem-solving skills, good manual (hand) skills and organisational skills.
    With experience, engineers can apply to become team leaders supervising the work of a team of staff. They can progress to become managers, responsible for a department or area of operations, such as estates and facilities.
  2. Vascular surgery

    Vascular surgeons diagnose and manage conditions affecting the circulation, including disease of the arteries and veins.

    Training usually starts with a five year first degree in medicine and two years of foundation training. You'll then do two years of core training (CT1–2), followed by four years of specialist training (ST3-6). This period of training will include completing your royal college exams .Length of training can vary according to your circumstances.
    Working hours should not exceed 48 hours a week. The working hours may sometimes extend beyond the normal working day including early mornings, evenings and weekends. You'll also need to be on call. The basic salary ranges from £29,384 to £34,012. Once you start your specialty training as a vascular surgeon employed by the NHS, you can expect to earn a salary of at least £40,257, which can increase to between £84,559 and £114,003 as a consultant.
    You'll need excellent communication skills and be emotionally resilient, have a calm temperament and the ability to work well under pressure. You'll have the capacity to lead multidisciplinary teams and have excellent problem-solving and diagnostic skills. As a vascular surgeon, you'll have: a high degree of manual dexterity; superb hand-eye co-ordination; excellent vision; visuospatial awareness and the physical stamina to cope with the demands of surgery.
    In 2020 there were 574 applications for 123 specialty training posts (a competition ratio of 4.67). You could specialise or conduct research in areas such as paediatric vascular conditions or trauma centres. You could also teach medical or postgraduate students.
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