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Radiography is one of the most innovative aspects of healthcare – you’ll use advanced technology to look inside patients’ bodies and understand the root causes of their illness, and consult with colleagues on diagnosis and treatment plans.
You need to study for an approved programme in diagnostic radiography. Degree courses take three or four years, full time or up to six years part time. A degree standard apprenticeship in diagnostic radiography has been approved for delivery. To get onto a diagnostic radiography degree course or degree apprenticeship, you usually need two or three A levels, including physics, chemistry or biology/human biology, along with five GCSEs (grades A-C), including English language, maths and science. Alternative qualifications are likely to be accepted. If you already have a degree in a relevant subject, there is a 2-year graduate-entry route at some universities.Radiographers in the NHS work standard hours, which are likely to be around 37.5 a week. They may have to work shifts, including evenings, nights and weekends. They start at band 5 of the Agenda for Change pay scale. Terms and conditions will vary outside of the NHS.Diagnostic radiographers need to be safety conscious, interested in technology, be patient and understanding and able to understand and follow instructions exactly. They also need good communication, organisation and observation skills and the ability to reassure patients.You could specialise in a particular type of imaging such as computerised tomography scanning or sonography. Or you could specialise in working with children, stroke patients or cancer patients, for example. Research or teaching are other options. You could also move into management, within radiography services or general management. As head of a local radiography service you would be responsible for a team of staff and for managing a budget. -
Doctors working in genitourinary medicine diagnose and treat people with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV.
Training usually starts with a five year first degree in medicine (MBBS), two years foundation doctor training, two years core training (CT1-2), followed by four years specialty training (ST3-6). This period of training will include your royal college exams. Length of training can vary according to your circumstances.Doctors may work up to 48 hours a week. The working hours may sometimes extend beyond the normal working day to include early mornings, evenings and weekends. You’ll first earn a salary when you start your foundation training after medical school. The basic salary ranges from £29,384 to £34,012. Once you start your specialty training as a doctor in genitourinary medicine employed by the NHS, you can expect to earn a salary of at least £40,257, which can increase to between £84,559 and £114,003 as a consultant.You'll need excellent communication skills to manage a wide range of relationships with colleagues, and patients and their families. You'll be emotionally resilient, have excellent problem-solving and diagnostic skills and work well in teams and under pressure. You'll also be very organised for the benefit of patients.In 2021, there were 227 consultants in genitourinary medicine in the NHS in England. In addition, there were 30 applications for 38 training places. You could specialise or conduct research, teach medical students or postgraduate students in training or get involved in research at universities, the NHS or private sector. -
Urologists (also known as urological surgeons) treat problems of the female urinary system and the male genitourinary tract.
Training usually starts with a five year first degree in medicine and two years foundation training. You'll then do two years of core training (CT1–2), followed by five years of specialist training (ST3-7). This period of training will include completing your royal college exams. Length of training can vary according to your circumstances.Working hours should not exceed 48 hours a week. The working hours may sometimes extend beyond the normal working day including early mornings, evenings and weekends. You'll also need to be on call. The basic salary ranges from £29,384 to £34,012. Once you start your specialty training as a urologist employed by the NHS, you can expect to earn a salary of at least £40,257, which can increase to between £84,559 and £114,003 as a consultant.You'll need excellent communication skills and be emotionally resilient, have a calm temperament and the ability to work well under pressure. You'll have the capacity to lead multidisciplinary teams and have excellent problem-solving and diagnostic skills. As a urological surgeon, you'll have: a high degree of manual dexterity; superb hand-eye co-ordination; excellent vision; visuospatial awareness and the physical stamina to cope with the demands of surgery.There are approximately 999 urologists working in the NHS in England. In 2020, there were 146 applications for 64 specialty training posts. You could specialise in: prostate, bladder and kidney conditions; prostate, bladder, kidney, testicular and penile cancer; repair of the female lower urinary tract; or paediatric urology.